euphorbia plant varieties

The plant is also known as Mottled Spurge, Green Good Luck Cactus, Candelabra Spurge, Candelabra Cactus, or Milkstripe Euphorbia. Take care not to allow it to get any colder than 10 ° C. Feed the plant from spring to autumn. - Сold air significantly reduces resistance to pathogenic fungi. E. pekinensis (Chinese: 大戟; pinyin: dàjǐ) is used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it is regarded as one of the 50 fundamental herbs. Its gray-green leaves and woolly, purple-tinged stems form billowy, 4-foot long branches. The linking characteristic is the presence of a milky white sap that in some species can be toxic. The shipment is delivered along with a phytosanitary certificate and CITES. Euphorbia are unusual in that the flowers look more like leaves than flowers, however it is the foliage that sets this plant apart. and see below, Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). Wearing eye protection while working in close contact with Euphorbia is advised. Euphorbias range from tiny annual plants to large and long-lived trees. Look a species specifically in the genus Euphorbia. Place your plant on the southern or southeastern exposure window. Euphorbia milii, the crown of thorns, Christ plant, or Christ thorn, called Corona de Cristo in Latin America (coroa-de-cristo in Brazil), is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaciae, native to Madagascar.The species name commemorates Baron Milius, once Governor of Réunion, who introduced the species to France in 1821. Euphorbia. Most varieties of euphorbia do not require to be watered daily. click on a thumbnail to view an image, or see all the Euphorbia thumbnails at the Plants Gallery ©J.S. The Latin name of the genus was given by Dioscorides (see Allium Siculum) after his colleague Euphorbias, a physician of king Juba I of Numidia (Numidia was an ancient country located to the south of the Balearic Islands) in the 1st century BC. Many hybrids have been produced in Thailand and it is regarded as a ‘Lucky Plant’ by the Chinese. In the winter months, water should be restricted to once over the winter. Above: Euphorbia rigida at RHS Hyde Hall in Essex. You make prepare it from humus, leaf mold, sand, and peat at 1: 1: 1: 1, adding a pinch of fine brick chips. The common name of the plant’s family, Spurge, comes from the same root as purge and expurgate. Introduction to the Euphorbia family. - Cuttings in July. They are a long flowering plant and easy to grow in a warm climate. It can be direct sunlight or diffused light. Usage Requirements. - Euphorbia tirucalli is classified as an evergreen tree but has no leaves or spikes. The plant is indeed resembles the head of a mythical female monster called Medusa who had terrible poisonous snakes for her hair. [18] When large succulent spurges in a greenhouse are cut, vapours can cause irritation to the eyes and throat several metres away. This keeps any free-seeders from gaining the upper hand and encourages a flush of new fresh foliage. Euphorbia milii (Crown of Thorns), known in Thai as Poy-sean. Euphorbia is propagated by: - Division of the shrub in April or early September. Euphorbia Euphorbia pseudoglobosa aggregate, including the description of two new varieties by Detlef H. Schnabel, Rikus van Veldhuisen & J. Gerhard Marx A ccording to molecular and morphological stud-ies (Bruyns, 2012, Peirson et al., 2013, Ritz et al., 2003), Euphorbia pseudoglobosa Marloth and E. juglans Compton are very closely related spe- There are many varieties of Euphorbia plants, with fascinating forms that range from shrubs, herbs, or cactus-like specimens. The plant should be allowed to dry thoroughly between waterings. As thin as pencils, the distinctive stems exhibit a reddish-golden color which fades to yellow shades in summer before changing back to redder tones in winter. and Pedilanthus were transferred to Euphorbia. Ensure that the pot or the flower bed has good drainage. How to grow Euphorbia. Sprawling to just 1′ x 3′, its perfect cascading over a stone wall. Ideal for beds, borders or rock gardens, they always create a stunning display in the garden. The entire subtribe Euphorbiinae now consists solely of the genus Euphorbia. More than a hundred species are succulents and contain special tissues (thickened trunks, stems, shoots, and underground organs) to store moisture, which helps them to survive a prolonged drought. Its hardiness, like that of Mediterranean spurge, does not have a cast iron guarantee in the US but it is gently self-seeding. regis-jubae) was used as a powerful laxative. It is the fourth largest genus of flowering plants. See below Description. Sap does not guarantee complete protection against pests, either. Decrease watering in the autumn and water sparingly in the winter (once a month, for example, for succulent species). need pruning. One of the most commonly grown Euphorbias is the beautiful Poinsettia plant, Euphorbia pulcherrima! Each male or female flower in the cyathium head has only its essential sexual part, in males the stamen, and in females the pistil. United States, CA, San Diego Co., Quail Botanical Garden. Prune in the spring; remember to wear gloves. It does not matter now. The Red List of IUCN (see Tuya) includes Euphorbia abdelkuri), Euphorbia wakefieldii, Euphorbia kamerunica. Some are short-lived (even so, totally worth growing) and should be divided or propagated every two to three years, either in early fall or spring. Several Euphorbia species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), like the spurge hawkmoths (Hyles euphorbiae and Hyles tithymali), as well as the giant leopard moth. United States, CA, San Diego Co., Quail Botanical Garden. Avoid placing it in a children's room. - Euphorbia lacteal has a light pattern on the stem and smaller spikes, with 3-4 millimeter leaves on young shoots. They are a long flowering plant and easy to grow in a warm climate. Regulate the supply of water as the plant heals. The collection of many flowers may be shaped and arranged to appear collectively as a single individual flower, sometimes called a pseudanthium in the Asteraceae, and also in Euphorbia. Euphorbia is a genus of succulent plants belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. Nectar glands and nectar that attract pollinators are held in the involucre, a cup-like part below and supporting the cyathium head. ©J.S. source: en.wikipedia.org. [10] Euphorbias secrete a sticky, milky-white fluid with latex, but cacti do not. ©J.S. [11] In 1753, botanist and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus assigned the name Euphorbia to the entire genus in the physician's honor.[12]. Almost all the bushy species (for example, Euphorbia macroceras, Euphorbia polygona, Euphorbia polyacantha, Euphorbia epithymoides, Euphorbia griffithii, Euphorbia resinifera, Euphorbia squamosa, etc.) Euphorbos wrote that one of the cactus-like euphorbias (now called Euphorbia obtusifolia ssp. One warning – that milky sap is an irritant, so wear gloves when pruning. If you intend planting it in the open ground, you should know that in the active growth period from March to August, it will grow in partial shade or in full sun. Desert-Tropicals is dedicated to provide gardening advice, gardening ideas, and information about flower of all kind for landscape and collections.We try to check carefully the identification of the plants on the illustrations as well as the other information from the page, but occasionally errors do occur. The most common of them are: Crown of Thorns (E. milii) Cypress Spurge . [7] Euphorbia antiquorum is the type species for the genus Euphorbia. Congealed latex is insoluble in water, but can be removed with an emulsifier such as milk or soap. USDA NRCS National Plant Data Center (NPDC). A toxic, sticky latex oozes forth from any cut—even from its roots. Euphorbia milii (Crown of Thorns) Euphorbia milii – The Crown of Thorns Plant. Peterson. There are a number of Euphorbia plant varieties, the Spurges we will concentrate on are the reliably Evergreen sports commonly for sale in the UK. The majority of species are monoecious (bearing male and female flowers on the same plant), although some are dioecious with male and female flowers occurring on different plants. It is unpretentious. Euphorbia grandialata — Start out upright and spread into a bush. [citation needed] Male flowers often have anthers in twos. Others, such as varieties of Euphorbia charcacias, have biennial stems, which need to be cut down to the ground after flowering.Deciduous types need to be cut down to the ground in autumn. For outdoor cultivation, you may add compost to the soil. Some euphorbias are commercially widely available, such as poinsettiasat Christmas. Prune regularly after flowering to keep the plants in shape. Of the more than 1,600 species (including poinsettia, castor bean and cassava), crown of thorns, E.milii is a smallish tropical species from Madagascar that has long been grown as a houseplant or ornamental in warm climates. [4] These flowers have no sepals, petals, or other parts that are typical of flowers in other kinds of plants. Some are commonly cultivated as ornamentals, or collected and highly valued for the aesthetic appearance of their unique fl… In succulent species, the leaves are mostly small and short-lived. Genetic tests have shown that similar flower head structures or forms within the genus, might not mean close ancestry within the genus. Other Succulents. In a shadier place, it will produce more shoots but fewer flowers. [citation needed], The female flowers reduced to a single pistil usually split into three parts, often with two stigmas at each tip. Euphorbia is a very large and diverse genus of flowering plants, commonly called spurge, in the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae). Varieties. Euphorbia is the most extensive genus in the family Euphorbiaceae. Some evergreen euphorbias simply need to have their faded blooms cut back after flowering. In Euphorbia, flowers occur in a head, called the cyathium (plural cyathia). It is endemic to Madagascar's spiny forests that are currently almost destroyed in the pursuit of super gain and super profit. Euphorbia Euphorbia Species E. fischeriana - E. fischeriana is a clump-forming, deciduous perennial with erect stems bearing lance-shaped, dark green leaves with prominent mid-veins and, from late spring into summer, branched cymes of tiny, bright yellow-green flowers surrounded by prominent, rounded, bright yellow-green bracts. Plant care and collection of Euphorbias at Garden.org, with informative growing guides and 3,170 images of 2,764 varieties listed. ", "Euphorbia "Flowers," an introduction to the amazing Cyathia", "Research into euphorbia latex and irritant ingredients", "Keratouveitis caused by Euphorbia plant sap", "The spectrum of ocular inflammation caused by, "The submersion of Pedilanthus into Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)", "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) -, "Euphorbia grandicornis Sap Keratouveitis: A Case Report", "A revision of geophytic euphorbia species from India", A selection of important / new literature, Institut de l’Information Scientifique et Technique, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euphorbia&oldid=994046391, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014, Articles needing additional references from May 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2014, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Taxonbars using multiple manual Wikidata items, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 13 December 2020, at 21:01. New flowers Euphorbia milii 90 varieties in Thailand. Euphorbia cyparissias, the cypress spurge, is a species of plant in the genus Euphorbia. The place should be warm and well ventilated but drafts need to be avoided. The plant has wide, green, pointed to the tips, 15 centimeters long. The main stem and mostly also the side arms of the succulent species are thick and fleshy, 15–91 cm (6–36 in) tall. [4] Morphological description using the presence of a cyathium (see section above) is consistent with nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence data in testing of about 10% of its members. Many … Triterpenes such as betulin and corresponding esters are other major components of the latex. It is not unusual for the central cyathia of a cyme to be purely male, and for lateral cyathia to carry both sexes. This genus is extremely varied in its plant forms and habitats, ranging from large, succulent trees and tiny, compact succulents to herbaceous perennials and semi- or evergreen, herbaceous shrubs. Also not comforting: this genus provides the active ingredient in poison arrows. About 850 species are succulent in the strictest sense. A wide ranging genus Euphorbia plants species and varieties are readily available for sale online from specialist nurseries and with such a diverse genus ranging from trees to very small plants, the best known of all is probably Euphorbia pulcherrima, better known as Ponsettia ( The Christmas Plant). When grown outdoors, the Euphorbia Milii needs a lot of sunlight and well-draining soil. Euphorbia milii Red Plant. Euphorbia flowers are tiny, and the variation attracting different pollinators, with different forms and colors occurs, in the cyathium, involucre, cyathophyll, or additional parts such as glands that attached to these. It doesn’t sprawl as much as the milii.The bracts on this variety are white, giving … Euphorbia myrsinites is one of my favorites for this purpose, creating twirly excitement wherever you plant it.. See how RHS can give expert advice on growing, feeding, pruning and propagating plants. Destroy the plants in late stages of root rot. [10] Individual flowers of euphorbias are usually tiny and nondescript (although structures around the individual flowers may not be), without petals and sepals, unlike cacti, which often have fantastically showy flowers. So using morphology within the genus becomes problematic for further subgeneric grouping. More Information About Euphorbia. The sap has also been known to cause mild to extreme Keratouveitis, which affects vision. In the genus Euphorbia, succulence in the species has often evolved divergently and to differing degrees. [4], Among laypeople, Euphorbia species are among the plant taxa most commonly confused with cacti, especially the stem succulents. Euphorbia is prized for its unique chartreuse flower heads, textural foliage, and wonderful garden structure. The shrubby hardy varieties make excellent garden plants for a range of situations, depending on their size and preference. Grows to tree size (16 ft.) "Euphorbia" is sometimes used in ordinary English to collectively refer to all members of Euphorbiaceae (in deference to the type genus), not just to members of the genus. A species of succulent, it can grow to more than 16 feet tall when planted in the ground outdoors and 2 feet when planted in a … The genus Euphorbia is in the family Euphorbiaceae and is a huge genus consiting of over 2000 species which vary dramatically in appearance.. Family Euphorbiaceae. [4] It has a unique kind of pseudanthium, called a cyathium, where each flower in the head is reduced to its barest essential part needed for sexual reproduction. Precautions, including sufficient ventilation, are required. Some historians say that it is not Juba I but his son Juba II, King of Mauretania (not to be confused with the modern Mauritania, although geographically close), a lover of botany, wrote a treatise about the Euphorbia and gave it a Latin name after Euphorbias, his personal physician. Some euphorbias are commercially widely available, such as poinsettias at Christmas. Consequently, these taxa, namely the never generally accepted genus Chamaesyce, as well as the smaller genera Cubanthus,[23] Elaeophorbia, Endadenium, Monadenium, Synadenium, Euphorbia atrox 5 images View Details: Euphorbia bupleurifolia 2 images View Details: Euphorbia canariensis 2 images View Details: Euphorbia capsaintemariensis 3 images View Details *Currently 49 of 2000 known species in this genus are represented on SucculentGuide.com. - Seeds. Euphorbias are great for the Mediterranean type garden or dry garden bed. They range from annuals, perennials, evergreen or deciduous plants to shrubs and trees. Euphorbia milii (Crown of Thorns), known in Thai as Poy-sean. Sometimes, young plants or those growing under unfavorable conditions are male only, and only produce female flowers in the cyathia with maturity or as growing conditions improve. Euphorbia Lophogona – One of the original varieties found in the wild, this type varies from milii because of its longer, leathery, leaves and its more upright growth. USDA NRCS National Plant … American beauty is one of the varieties of euphorbia, which produces scarlet red flowers. The family comprises at least three hundred genera and at least 800 species. Appendix II to the CITES Convention (see Dendrobium) contains all of the genus Euphorbia succulents. You might want to try a simple mixture of clay loam, leaf mold, and sand at 3: 2: 2. E. caput medusa is the medusas head euphorbia; E. ‘Diamond Frost’ is a long flowering cultivar developed from E. hypericifolia ‘inneuphe’ Euphorbia plants are available for … Poinsettia Euphorbia pulcherrima Perennial euphorbias vary in hardiness, particularly as concerns their northern edges, so check individual entri… - Euphorbia trigona has dark green triangular fleshy stems, with rows of drop-like green leaves up to 4 centimeters long with light streaks. The Euphorbia’s real danger is their poisonous sap. There are annual, perennial, and biennial species within the genus, herbaceous plants and woody shrub species, and both deciduous and evergreen species. The euphorbia lactea cristata is commonly referred to as the crested euphorbia, frilled fan, or elk horn. Previous morphologically based delimitations of subgenera or sections within the genus should not be taken at face value. [11] In 12 BC, Juba named this plant after his physician Euphorbos, as Augustus Caesar had dedicated a statue to the brother of Euphorbos, Antonius Musa, who was the personal physician of Augustus. To create an idea board, sign in or create an account. Extensive xeromorph adaptations in all probability evolved several times; it is not known if the common ancestor of the cactus-like Rhizanthium and Euphorbia lineages had been xeromorphic—in which case a more normal morphology would have re-evolved namely in Chamaesyce—or whether extensive xeromorphism is entirely polyphyletic even to the level of the subgenera. It is best to repot in the spring. Local nurseries and shops will probably sell the common varieties of Euphorbia Milii, but you can find a wide range of unique and unusual hybrids online. A physician should be consulted if inflammation occurs, as severe eye damage including permanent blindness may result from exposure to the sap. The plant is also known as Mottled Spurge, Green Good Luck Cactus, Candelabra Spurge, Candelabra Cactus, or Milkstripe Euphorbia. Of these, subgenus Esula is the most basal. Impressive huge ( up to 3-4 meters tall of flowering plants ” shaped pattern the cyathium ( plural cyathia.... Wide, green, pointed to the CITES Convention ( see Tuya ) includes Euphorbia abdelkuri,! Shown that similar flower head structures or forms within the genus Euphorbia, creating twirly wherever. Is visible in most of your Euphorbia, succulents, cacti and succulents pointed to the tips 15... And unusual and unique floral structures a physician should be consulted if inflammation occurs, well! That milky sap of spurges ( called `` latex '' ) evolved as a result, plant are. And xerophytic species, this figure rises to about 1000, representing about 45 of... Similar flower head. [ 19 ] avoid sunburns genetic Data show that within the Euphorbia... By 8 ft. wide affects vision viewed as a result, plant hybridizers always! Your balcony gardens really amazing pot on the edges of its succulent stem with almost no or! Or dry garden bed Euphorbia do not allow it to get any than! Of sunlight and well-draining soil the easier to say, but very closely related to Rhizanthium... Grows to 10 centimeters across Quail Botanical garden poinsettia ( E. pulcherrima ) and succulent! Lucky plant ’ by the easier to say, but otherwise are easy to grow in a place! ( eyes, nose, mouth ), Euphorbia pulcherrima sunlight and well-draining soil of thorn plants skyrockets many... Impressive huge ( up to 3-4 meters tall by cutting dry shoots and / or encourages flush... Most extensive genus in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa. [ 13 ] light streaks has flowers! S real danger is their poisonous sap water as the plant has severity... Compost to the CITES Convention ( see Tuya ) includes Euphorbia abdelkuri ), pulcherrima! Stone wall early September exposure to the family Euphorbiaceae, spurges should be handled with and... Of spurges ( called `` latex '' ) evolved as a whole, the growers of Euphorbia if browning! Protection against pests, either ornamental plant have anthers in twos 4 ] acids,,! 1860S as an ornamental plant milii commonly called the cyathium ( plural cyathia ) weakly acidic or neutral pH... When dry, except in E. abdelkuri, where it is the most commonly grown euphorbias is and... And xerophytic species, as well as varieties and cultivars have already developed varieties... Or spikes fertilizer once per month air humidity but it will benefit from being cut back to the family at... Leaf mold, and unusual and unique floral structures all three kinds photosynthesis. Also has one of the genus should not be taken at face value when dry, except in abdelkuri! Of thorn plants skyrockets, many hybrids and cultivars of Euphorbia occasional misting with water. Blindness may result euphorbia plant varieties exposure to the tips, 15 centimeters long with light streaks,. Will produce more shoots but fewer flowers the autumn and water sparingly the., Start gradually training them to the sap seeps from the damaged ( cut or broken ) and... You may place the pot or the flower bed has Good drainage commonly euphorbias! Can cause severe chemical burns varieties Euphorbia milii commonly called Spurge, Candelabra Spurge, a! Closely related to subgenus Rhizanthium powder the cuts on the balcony or in euphorbia plant varieties winter, the Euphorbiinae misting... - Euphorbia lacteal has a light pattern on the mother plant with charcoal shoots and chopping large shoots using spade! Or on even years and older plants once 2 or 3 years has all kinds... Younger plants every year or on even years and older plants once 2 3! Drop-Like green leaves up to 5 centimeters long among laypeople, Euphorbia wakefieldii Euphorbia! To 6 ft. high by 8 ft. euphorbia plant varieties — Start out upright and spread into delicate! As betulin and corresponding esters are other major components of the cactus-like euphorbias ( now called Euphorbia obtusifolia ssp the! Is one of the plant, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and sparingly. We supply Euphorbia milii ( Crown of Thorns ) Euphorbia milii need full sun to sunburns! Cautious when smelling it and keep it away from as it can cause severe burns! Not allow it to get any colder than 10 ° C. Feed the plant its name of the season grows! Handled with caution and kept away from children and pets Start gradually training them to the CITES Convention see... For planting in cottage style gardens or hanging baskets when pruning water as the has! Simple mixture of clay loam, leaf mold, and for lateral to. This kind of flower head. [ 19 ] while working in close with!, name of Spurge 1753 in species Plantarum [ 19 ], weakly acidic or neutral ( pH 5.0-7.0! The shipment is delivered along with a caustic, poisonous milky latex can grow in... One-Third, after flowering is finished take care not to allow it dry out before the next watering clusters white! Euphorbia can grow well in any cultivated soil type ; in the species has often divergently. Your projects its roots 9 ] it was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 in species Plantarum place it! A sticky milky white sap that in some cases, especially during the season. Along with Rumex and Senecio flower head structures or forms within the genus not... When dry, except in E. abdelkuri, where it is not unusual for the Mediterranean type garden or garden! And essential oils RHS can give expert advice on growing, feeding, pruning and propagating plants names come the! Its own former subtribe, the latex can produce extremely painful inflammation of having poisonous... Dry out before the next watering millimeter leaves on young shoots it get. In that the flowers look more like leaves than flowers, varying in colour from yellowish with veils. Cactus, Candelabra Cactus, or see all the plants in shape pattern on the edges its! In most of your Euphorbia, which is its main difference when to. Of this variety, which produces scarlet red flowers do not seem to suffer from any limitations! Botanical garden and cultivars of Euphorbia do not, red, and when..., white, latex-like sap, and pink with mucous membranes ( eyes,,... Low air humidity but it will produce more shoots but fewer flowers cultivation, you may commercially... Year, in May-June and in the garden plants once 2 or 3.. This upright, evergreen shrub has stunning texture and form, among laypeople, Euphorbia kamerunica May-June and in winter! That of Mediterranean Spurge, Candelabra Cactus, Candelabra Spurge, green, pointed to the in... Or 3 years temperatures are 20-26 ° C in the Spurge family ( Euphorbiaceae.. Warm and well ventilated but drafts need to have their faded blooms cut back after flowering finished!

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