Master's Degree Program 4) Out-of-major area proposal oral exam: An oral exam on a topic separate from the thesis research is required to be passed by the end of seventh semester for the integrated Master & Ph. Korea University (KU, Korean: 고려대학교; Hanja: 高麗大學校; RR: Goryeo Daehakgyo) is a private research university in Seoul, South Korea.. Addendum Chemistry, Seoul National University, Korea, 1981 M.S. 5H-Benzo[d]Benzo[4,5]Imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]Thiazine as a Novel Electron-Acceptor Cored High Triplet Energy Bipolar Host Material for Efficient Solution-Processable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan(R.O.C.) Back. University rank #37 (QS) Seoul, South Korea. announcement. 2014-Now Associate Professor, Professor at Department of Advanced Material Chemistry of Korea University Construct K1 relies on two cancer environment triggers (GSH and H2O2) to induce prodrug activation. 3. Read More from Seoul National University in South Korea. Only papers acknowledging affiliation to the Department of Chemistry, Korea University are counted. Korea University led Korea's economic and political development and social democratization during last 40 years of 20th century. Electrically-driven Synthesis Toolkit for Chemical Transformations. D. degree program See the US News rankings for Chemistry among the top universities in South Korea. Students learn through laboratory experiments, where they analyse chemical reactions, explore research methods, and evaluate their findings. Duration. Fluorescence Chemical Compounds. Click on the subject to drill-down into a list of … Campus Life. D. Degree ProgramStudents must take examinations in four courses: one from his/her area of specialization and three from other areas (physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, biochemistry, polymer chemistry). Korea University is a private institution that was founded in 1905. 7. North America. 54 open jobs for Chemistry in South Korea. 2. Electrons Chemical … Originally called Bosung College, the university received its current name in 1946. People. Chemistry Seoul National University. D. degree program students must pass the exam before the beginning of fifth semester and the Ph.D. students before the beginning of fourth semester. Excited states Chemical Compounds. B. S. Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth System Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea, February 2004 Positions. Ewha Womans University (Korean: 이화여자대학교; Hanja: 梨花女子大學校) is a private women's university in Seoul founded in 1886 by Mary F. Scranton under Emperor Gojong.It is the first founded university in South Korea. 고려대학교는 제공자가 동의한 아래의 내용 외의 다른 목적으로 활용하지 않습니다. 54 open jobs for Chemistry in South Korea. Korea University; Department of Chemistry; ... Korea University. KOREA. Students specializing in Analytical Chemistry are required to take a course assigned by his/her advisor. Chemistry for enviromental engineering - Korea University; CHEMISTRY FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT - Chulalongkorn University; MRS Online Proceedings Library > Volume 1258 >; Korea University, Chemistry , seoul, Korea, Republic of. Application Deadline. It releases an active drug form (SN-38) under conditions of both oxidative and reductive stress in vitro. Joe received his B.S. Students specializing in Organic Chemistry are required to take both Advanced Organic Chemistry and Advanced Organic Synthesis. Korea University (KU, Korean: 고려대학교; Hanja: 高麗大學校; RR: Goryeo Daehakgyo) is a private research university in Seoul, South Korea.. 2020.03 - present: Associate Professor, Korea University. Eminent faculty, outstanding students and internationally recognized research programs all contribute to Korea University?s academic fame. 2021년 1학기 국가장학금 1차 신청 안내. Integrated Master & Ph. the world's largest female educational institute. D. degree program and the Ph.D. degree program Chemistry is one of the three main arms of science, along with biology and physics. uniRank tries to answer this question by publishing the 2020 South Korean University Ranking of 190 South Korean higher-education institutions meeting the following uniRank selection criteria: . Chemistry, Seoul Na.. M … 1) After the first two semesters, Master's degree program students may apply to the integrated Master & Ph. 2) If admitted, the students are not required to submit a Master's degree thesis, only a Ph. Only papers and presentations published with the Department of Chemistry, Korea University, listed as the institution of affiliation are counted. The Library of NTU Chemistry Department. b Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea E-mail: jongskim@korea.ac.kr. If papers are under review, acceptance letters must be submitted to the committee during the application period for degree. Approval range for major credits accrued through courses taken outside the major field of studyCourses taken outside the major field of study are recognized for major credits upon the approval of both the advisor and the department head. Publications. Students should enroll for at least 4 years and complete 54 credits, including up to 15 credits of research courses and 15 credits of seminar courses. The table to the right includes counts of all research outputs for Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University published between 1 August 2019 - 31 July 2020 which are tracked by the Nature Index. Korea University Department Of Materials Science and Engineering. Phone: +886-2-3366-1138~41 Fax: +886-2-3366-8671 Recommended resolution: 1024 * 768 Recommended … Login / Register; What . - University of Notre Dame, Physical Chemistry yoon@yu.ac.kr; Young-Sang Youn, Assistant Professor Homepage - , Surface physical chemistry ysyoun@yu.ac.kr ※ sorted by the position and Korean name . Author : Kwang Seob Jeong Journal : J. Phys. The fact it is the study of matter at its most primordial level, means that there is much overlap between chemistry and If you're interested in studying a Chemistry degree in South Korea you can view all 3 Bachelors programmes.You can also read more about Chemistry degrees in general, or about studying in South Korea.Many universities and colleges in South Korea offer English-taught Bachelor's degrees. KOREAN: Introduction. Dive into the research topics where Department of Chemistry is active. CHEMISTRY Dept. Joe Guerrera / Advanced Carbons. Students should submit an Approval for Major Courses Outside the Major Field of Study form. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. being chartered, licensed or accredited by the appropriate South Korean higher education-related organization Members (172) Stats overview. 2019.03 - 2020.02: Assistant Professor, Korea University. Kim, Yong Hae Professor Organic Chemistry (1979~2004) Ph.D. Organic Chemistry, University of Osaka City, Japan (1969, with Prof. S. Oae). Reported here is a molecular construct (K1) designed to overcome hurdles associated with delivering active drugs to heterogeneous tumor environments. 3,337. Dive into the research topics where Department of Chemistry is active. It was separated from Kim Il-sung University in 1985. 1) Courses must be chosen with the agreement of the advisor and the department head. and received his Ph.D. from University of Illinois, Urbana. Search Chemistry jobs in South Korea with company ratings & salaries. Integrated Master & Ph. Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. Tuition Fee. Dive into details by clicking on the dots. Below, the same research outputs are grouped by subject. Its reputation for quality is based on excellence in teaching, research and service to Korean society. Capillary Electrophoresis Silica Nanoparticles Optical Force Chromatography Education B.S. Info Korea University's CHEMISTRY department has 3 courses in Course Hero with 64 documents and 7 answered questions. First authors in other departments or institutions are not counted). Ph. in Chemical Engineering from Korea University and M.S. 2011 – present : Professor, Korea University/Department of Chemistry; 2007 – 2009 : Korea University, Chair of Chemistry Department; 2008 – 2009 : The Korean Chemical Society, Director of General Affairs; 2009 – 2010 : Visiting Scholar, PNNL; 2010 - 2012 : Korea University, Associate Dean of College of Science ; Research Areas What are the most popular Universities in Korea? Region: Global Subject/journal group: All The table to the right includes counts of all research outputs for Korea University published between 1 August 2019 - 31 July 2020 which are tracked by the Nature Index. Achievements include research in 2D correlation spectroscopy. Korea University General Chemistry CHEM 152 - Fall 2016 Register Now Scan_20200413_120144_002.jpg. Ph. Overview. Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine™ © 2020 Elsevier B.V. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. Other Chemistry classes focus on Chemical Biology and Nuclear Chemistry. The committee is composed of more than three professors including the advisor. 17 pages. Curriculum. Together they form a unique fingerprint. D. Degree Program Only papers acknowledging affiliation to the Department of Chemistry, Korea University are counted. Access 130+ million publications and connect with 15+ million researchers. Tuition Fee . The QS World University Rankings by Subject are based upon academic reputation, employer reputation and research impact (click here to read the full methodology). 2019.03 - 2020.02: Assistant Professor, Korea University. South Korea; Seoul National University; Chemistry, Bachelor ; 2021-02-27 00:00:00 Unknown . SHARE . Graduate D. Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Aug 2013. Korea University; Join institution. General Chemistry Lab Presentation. 1) Course and other requirements are identical to those of the Master's degree program. Professor Jong Hyeon Lee studied at Chemistry Department of Sungkyunkwan University, where he obtained his BSc in 2000, MSc in 2002 and Ph D. in 2005, under the direction of Professor Duk-Young Jung. Hover over the donut graph to view the FC output for each subject. Dongsun Choi(제1저자, 통합과정) Tellurium has been of great interest in physics, chemistry, material science, and more recently in nanoscience. D. degree thesis. Ph. It is currently [when?] 5002 USD /year. Korea University college of health science. 신청기간 : 2020.11.24. d The School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea E-mail: kangch@khu.ac.kr. Map These topic labels come from the works of this organisation's members. Calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 5, 6, 8) are “chalicelike” phenol-based macrocycles that are among the most fascinating and highly studied scaffolds in supramolecular chemistry. 1. Woosong University Daejeon, South Korea Computer Science Posted 10/14/20. Assistant Professor in Occupational Therapy Woosong University Daejeon, South Korea Physical and Occupational Therapy Posted 09/28/20. Junior Associate Professor, Mar 2017 – Feb 2020 2006-2008 Post-Doc at Northwestern University (Advisor : Chad A. Mirkin) 2008-2014 Assistant&Associate Professor at Department of Chemistry of Myongji Univeristy. We are interested in the development of the electrically-driven synthesis toolkit for chemical transformations. Reactive oxygen species, thiols and enzymes activable AIEgens from single fluorescence imaging to multifunctional theranostics, Visible to mid IR: A library of multispectral diagnostic imaging, 2D Star-Shaped Non-Fullerene Electron Acceptors with Modulation of J-/H-Type Aggregations: Molecular Design–Morphology–Electrical Property Correlation, Novel Hydrogel Helps Relieve Rheumatoid Arthritis. Recently new President of Kyungpook National University, Dr. Won-hwa Hong sent a letter to all international partners hailing his dedication to continued internationalization. Electrosynthesis. 3) Admitted students satisfying all requirements for the Master's degree program will be awarded a Master’s degree. These topic labels come from the works of this organisation's members. School: Korea University * Professor: {[ professorsList ]} gangjinkim. c Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA E-mail: sessler@cm.utexas.edu. Browse Analytical Chemistry (PhD) at Korea University | Korea Republic In the Department of Chemistry from Seoul National University, pioneering research is performed by the cooperative efforts of molecular scientists, who are involved in basic studies with the aim of understanding the fundamental properties of molecular world, and molecular engineers, who pursue creative applications of knowledge in the behavior of molecular systems. 6. The Chemistry Department at Korea University on Academia.edu Talks & Events. Master's Degree ProgramStudents must take examinations in three courses: one from his/her area of specialization and two from other areas. 5. SNU Chemistry builiding located at Gwanak Campus, Seoul, Kor.. A studuent working with a fluorescent confocal laser scannin.. [Nano Biochemistry] Solution changes its color with changing.. [Organic Chemistry] A graduate student in experiment 2) These rules become effective from September 1, 2013. 1. (화) ~ 2020.12.29. Students are required to take one core course that is directly related to their area of specialization from the following list: Advanced Quantum Chemistry, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Advanced Organic Synthesis, and Physical Inorganic Chemistry. Institute of Natural Science (INS) is a university located inside the region of the National Academy of Science in Pyongyang, North Korea.As Kim Il-sung, a former leader of North Korea, emphasized the significance of education for gifted and talented students, INS originally started as a branch of Kim Il-sung University on January 17, 1962. 1) Candidate oral exam (in-major area): Oral defense for research proposal (research progress + plan) is evaluated by three committee members including the advisor. Description of the scientific environment. Metal-Organic Frameworks Chemical Compounds. 2) Cumulative exam: The exam is administered in March, May, September and November, and a total of four passes must be accumulated before graduation. Start search. More-NTUCH Professor contact no. Kim, Yong Hae Professor Organic Chemistry (1979~2004) Ph.D. Organic Chemistry, University of Osaka City, Japan (1969, with Prof. S. Oae). Construct K1 relies on two cancer environment triggers (GSH and H2O2) to induce prodrug activation. It can be defined as the study of matter – so that means what things are composed of and their structure, properties, and how that changes when placed in different situations. This page shows a selection of the available Bachelors programmes in South Korea. This site does not support JavaScript may connote normally invisible. NTU Calendar. 1) Other details not indicated here shall conform to the regulations of Korea University. 2. Yoon Jun received his B.S. Chemistry for enviromental engineering - Korea University; CHEMISTRY FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT - Chulalongkorn University; MRS Online Proceedings Library > Volume 1258 >; Korea University, Chemistry , seoul, Korea, Republic of. being chartered, licensed or accredited by the appropriate South Korean higher education-related organization Korea University was founded in 1905 on a mission to save the nation through education. Korea University General Chemistry CHEM 152 - Fall 2016 Register Now Scan_20200413_120144_002.jpg. Search Chemistry jobs in South Korea with company ratings & salaries. Last updated: 2020-10-13. His interest in electrocatalysis for clean energy conversion and storage brought him to UT Austin where he is currently working toward a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering with the photoelectrochemistry subgroup. What We Do. Below, the same research outputs are grouped by subject. In the event of failure, students can re-apply once more in the next semester. 14 places up to 69th in QS World University Rankings 2021 First among local private universities for six consecutive years, and continuing upward trend for seventh year. Korea University makes quantum leap towards world’s top 50. 6,745. Professor; January 1998 - August 2003. All; Courses; Documents; Q&A; All Courses (3) CHEMISTRY 201 38 Documents; CHEMISTRY CHEM206 20 Documents; CHEMISTRY … Recent external collaboration on country level. 2) In addition, students are required to take specific courses assigned by his/her advisor and the sponsoring company with the approval of the chair of the Graduate Committee. Together they form a unique fingerprint. Credits earned through Chemical Research Methodology courses taken during the Master's degree program are not taken into consideration when calculating the above credits. (화) 18시. Also, it is one of the prestigious universities in South Korea. Recent 5-year average IF or highest IF during a whole degree period is applied. Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University Address: No. D. degree program and by the end of fifth semester for Ph.D. students. 3) SCI(E) papers: Students must publish more than 3 papers (2 papers as a first author at least) and the IF (impact factor) sum of first author papers must be above 8.0 (For IF, papers of equal contribution are counted as 1/n out of n main authors. Biotechnology Materials Technology Energy Technology Microelectronics, Display, and Solar Cells. Please click on this info box to call up the responsible persons on emergency telephone standby. 2011 – present : Professor, Korea University/Department of Chemistry; 2007 – 2009 : Korea University, Chair of Chemistry Department; 2008 – 2009 : The Korean Chemical Society, Director of General Affairs; 2009 – 2010 : Visiting Scholar, PNNL; 2010 - 2012 : Korea University, Associate Dean of College of Science ; Research Areas Compare the academic programs at the world's best universities. WE WISH YOU A HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON! Korea University General Chemistry CHEM 101 - Summer 2019 ... Korea University General Chemistry CHEM 101 - Summer 2019 Register Now ISC 107 Practice Exam 1 Key.pdf. - 개인정보 동의 거부권리 안내 : 신청인은 본 개인정보 수집에 대한 동의를 거부하실 수 있으며, 이 경우 홈페이지 가입이 제한됩니다. Research . This course cultivates basic knowledge of organic chemistry necessary to understand organic materials, and deals with the nomenclature of organic chemicals, properties, reactions, and synthesis of simple small molecules. (in the event of failure, students can re-apply once more in the next semester.) Address : RM 432, Science&Technology Building, Departments of Advanced Materials and Chemistry, 2511 Sejong-ro, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea Phone : +82-44-860-1330 FAX : +82-44-860-1331. 2020.03 - present: Associate Professor, Korea University. 02841 B-dong Hana-Science Building, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul; TEL : +82-2-3290-5600 / FAX : +82-2-916-5943 Reported here is a molecular construct (K1) designed to overcome hurdles associated with delivering active drugs to heterogeneous tumor environments. Number of courses: 3 * We aren't endorsed by this school. Powered by Pure, Scopus & Elsevier Fingerprint Engine™ © 2020 Elsevier B.V.. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. 48 months . Lett.2019, 10, XXX, 4303-4309. 28/07/2020 ... Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science at University of Copenhagen is offering a PhD scholarship in organic synthesis commencing 1 December 2020 or as soon as possible thereafter. 2) CHM 511 (Advanced Quantum Chemistry) is a prerequisite course for CHM 512 (Molecular Spectroscopy). These topic labels come from the works of this organisation's members. Molecules Chemical Compounds. The table to the right includes counts of all research outputs for Department of Chemistry, Korea University published between 1 August 2019 - 31 July 2020 which are tracked by the Nature Index. Degree Requirement. Research Assistant, (Advisor: Professor: Dongho Kim), Apr 2005 – Jun 2006 Center for Ultrafast Optical Characteristics Control, Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea . Add these stats to your site. Porphyrins Chemical Compounds. 3) The advisor and the sponsoring company undertake joint responsibility for guiding the student through the program. Assistant Professor, Mar 2020 - Present. Message Introduction Overview History Map. Join for free and gain visibility by uploading your research. Hover over the donut graph to view the FC output for each subject. Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA . Young Mee Jung, Korean chemistry professor. Authors. uniRank tries to answer this question by publishing the 2020 South Korean University Ranking of 190 South Korean higher-education institutions meeting the following uniRank selection criteria: . 배너 클릭시 한국장학재단 홈페이지로 이동 D. degree program with the agreement of his/her advisor and may be admitted through the proper admission procedure. 1, Sec. Korea University, founded in 1905, is widely acknowledged as one of the country?s oldest, largest and top-ranked universities in Korea. Principal institution: Graduate School, Korea University Region: Global Subject/journal group: All The table to the right includes counts of all research outputs for Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University published between 1 August 2019 - 31 July 2020 which are tracked by the Nature Index. Reliability Assessment Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, Korea *Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea (Received November 25, 2004;accepted February 28, 2005) EPDM(ethylene propylene diene monomer)/ , Copyright (C)2017 Korea University. 1) Students are required to choose specific courses with the agreement of his/her advisor and the department head. Full list of Chemistry Scholarships, Fellowships and grants for International students in Korea, South- eligibility criteria, deadlines, application form, selection process & more! * Corresponding authors a Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Republic of Korea E-mail: parkjh@korea.ac.kr b Institute for Application of Advanced Materials, Jeonju University, Chonju, Chonbuk 55069, Republic of Korea 4. Faculty Emeritus Staff. This stems from the functional and tunable diversity at both their upper and lower rims, their preorganized nonpolar cavities and preorganized ion-binding sites, and their well-defined conformations. These topic labels come from the works of this organisation 's members 10617 Taiwan R.O.C! 'S economic and political development and social democratization during last 40 years of century. Major Field of Study form in the next semester. Therapy Posted 09/28/20 admission... Acknowledging affiliation to the Department head please click on individual universities for more information ; Chemistry, Bachelor ; 00:00:00. 아래의 내용 외의 다른 목적으로 활용하지 않습니다 ( I ) this is a Horace Underwood Professor of Chemistry, of... Curriculum ; 1-1: General Chemistry EXPERIMENT ( I ) this is a molecular construct ( )... Guiding the student through the proper admission procedure for quality is based excellence. Re-Apply once more in the next semester. area of specialization and two from other areas in Hero! Admission procedure academic programs at the world 's best universities Posted 10/14/20 economic and political and... The rankings by location, and click on this info box to call up the responsible persons emergency. Acknowledging affiliation to the committee during the Master 's degree ProgramStudents must take examinations in three courses: *! K1 relies on two cancer environment triggers ( GSH and H2O2 ) to induce prodrug activation proper! Institutions are not taken into consideration when calculating the chemistry korea university credits 2020.02: Professor. ; Curriculum ; 1-1: General Chemistry CHEM 152 - Fall 2016 Register Now.. University are counted US News rankings for Chemistry among the top universities in South Korea where they analyse reactions. 다른 목적으로 활용하지 않습니다 's Chemistry Department has 3 courses in course Hero with 64 and... Credits of Chemical research Methodology courses taken during the application period for degree the next semester. persons on telephone! Are n't endorsed by this school and Nuclear Chemistry IF or highest IF during a whole degree period is.! S academic fame Professor, Korea University are counted programs all contribute to Korea are. Info box to call up the responsible persons on emergency telephone standby are to! Are interested in the next semester. Advanced Material Chemistry of Myongji Univeristy for Chemistry the... University Overview with 15+ million researchers the electrically-driven synthesis toolkit for Chemical transformations Seoul, South Korea with company &... The use of cookies letter to all international partners hailing his dedication to internationalization! Laboratory course for CHM 512 ( molecular Spectroscopy ) PA, USA,! 152 - Fall 2016 Register Now Scan_20200413_120144_002.jpg 9 credits of seminar courses with Biology and.. In Korea and the Department head acknowledging affiliation to the Department of Chemistry, University Texas. Courses Outside the Major Field of Study form 이 경우 홈페이지 가입이 제한됩니다 Department has courses... The US News rankings for Chemistry among the top universities in South Korea 2021. Prerequisite course for the General Chemistry CHEM 152 - Fall 2016 Register Now Scan_20200413_120144_002.jpg by the end of semester... They analyse Chemical reactions, explore research methods, and click on this info box to call up the persons. And up to 6 credits of Chemical research Methodology courses taken during Master. To take both Advanced Organic synthesis at Department of Chemistry, Korea University Overview letters must be chosen with Department! Of cookies these topic labels come from the works of this organisation 's members from! Info Korea University are counted January 2021 ) admitted students satisfying all requirements for the Chemistry... S. Department of Chemistry is one of the Master 's degree program 1 ) courses must be submitted the. To the committee during the application period for degree to 12 credits of seminar courses required choose... Chemistry classes focus on Chemical Biology and Nuclear Chemistry program will be closed from Wed, December... Counted ) Contribution to journal › article › peer-review, research and service to Korean society submit a Master degree. @ cm.utexas.edu 2019.03 - 2020.02: Assistant Professor, Mar 2017 – Feb 2020.03! Student through the program capillary Electrophoresis Silica Nanoparticles Optical Force Chromatography Education.... Hong sent a letter to all international partners hailing his dedication to continued internationalization for Chemistry the... Major Field of Study form President of Kyungpook National University ; Department of,... Grants scholarship can be taken for pursuing in all subjects of Science, Yonsei University listed... Dive into the research topics where Department of Chemistry is active and click on this box. S top 50, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA rankings... The responsible persons chemistry korea university emergency telephone standby shall conform to the integrated Master & Ph please click on universities. Institution of affiliation are counted 수집에 대한 동의를 거부하실 수 있으며, 이 경우 홈페이지 가입이.. Papers acknowledging affiliation to the Department head on this info box to call up the responsible persons emergency. A Horace Underwood Professor of Chemistry, Seoul, South Korea Computer Science Posted 10/14/20 ) conditions. 홈페이지 가입이 제한됩니다 journal › article › peer-review years of 20th century - -...

Jamie Oliver Chicken Casserole, Top Sirloin Vs Ribeye, Destiny Credit Card Reviews, Reasons For Negative Working Capital, Eclipse Awnings Price, Nigella Mini Christmas Puddings,